History of Muhammadiyah

Muhammadiyah is one of the Islam organization that was born in Indonesia. The founding Father of Muhammadiyah is K.H. Ahmad Dahlan. He is founding father of Muhammadiyah. He was born in Yogyakarta on February 23^th 1869. His original name was Muhammad Darwis and his name was changed when he came back to Indonesia after he studied in Mecca for five years. After that, he got merried with Siti Walidah, and has six children. On November 18^th 1912, he founded an organization it’s Muhammadiyah.

The meaning of Muhammadiyah in a language / etymology. Muhammadiyah is divided by two words, it is MUHAMMAD and YAH. Muhammad is name of our last prophet and the meaning of YAH is ‘making identical’ or resemble. So, Muhammadiyah is followers of Prophet Muhammad SAW who always follow his action, do something that he ever did in his period. The meaning of followers here is : the member of religious community (muslim).

The meaning of Muhammadiyah in a technical term / terminology. Muhammadiyah is Organization of muslim and religious proselitizing “Amar Ma’ruf Nahi Munkar”² in the faith of Islam and has Al-Qur’an and As-Sunnah as its sources. So, Muhammadiyah uses Al-Qur’an and As-Sunnah as their ideology to face their life, and obey to Allah.

The background of Muhammadiyah was founded because ; First, subjective factor, it’s willingness of K.H. Ahmad Dahlan to build an organization. Second, objective factors, the objective factors were divided by two, the first was Internal Factor and the last was External Factor. The Internal Factor was muslim didn’t use Al-Qur’an and As-Sunnah as their  Ideology and the effect of that were  TBC (Tahayul, Bid’ah, Curafat)³. The External Factor was Hindia Belanda government in the past didn’t want Islam exist there, and there were many society that got west education, so they were asked by them to did resistance to muslim.

Purpose of Muhammadiyah.

1. Build Islam, Muhammadiyah wants to build Islam will be the best religion which be held back its truth.

2. Glorify Islam, Muhammadiyah wants to make Islam be highest law.

3. Create real muslim, it’s the high purpose, that the real muslim is muslim who always obey God’s   command and avoid a badness.

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¹ Bidang Keilmuan PK IMM FKIP UHAMKA

² Amar ma’ruf nahi munkar : call everybody in the world to do kindness and prevent disavowal.

³ Tahayul : believe in besides Allah. Ex: believe in a shaman. Bid’ah : add something without basis. Ex: adding “Sayyidina” in the first/last tahyat. Curafat : combine between religious and culture. Ex: ritual/offering.